Building block and wall construction



May 29, 1928. 1,671,501

H. wrrTMAN BUILDING BLOCK AND WALL CONSTRUCTION Filed April 25, 1927 v/ @www Ma ATTR/VYS.

l blocks.

Patented May 29,1928'.

f .uNlTED STATES PATENT ortica.

`HUGO 'WIT'.lm, OF BUFFALO, YORK.

, nomme stock AND WALL coNsTnUcrroN.

Application `maill April 25, 1927. Serial No. 186,228.

This invention relates to hollow building blocks of the kind which are adapted to cooperate or interlock with bricks to' form a Awall-built of bothv brick and blocks, and to wall constructions involving the use of these In building blocks or hollow tile as-heretofore made the shapes of the blocks have generally been such that blocks of several sizes or shapes were necessary to construct any'wall, or else the blocks were so made that the wall construction necessitated the use of an odd shaped brick or a split brick to start the wall construction in a horizontal plane,-or to finish the wall construction atY its upper end in a horizontal plane.

The objects of this invention are 'to provide a building block of this kind which lis of Such construction 'that only a single size orl shape of'block is necessary for use in constructing a wall and which is so formed that the buildingblock andi-brick at the base and top ofthe wall maybe laid in horizontal planes, thus eliminating the use of slabs or' other inserts or of splitting or breaking blocks or bricks; also to provide a building block which can be made of convenient sizes V- and which is shaped so that it can be easily picked up .and handled; also to provide a buildin block of this kind which is con structe with a plurality of horizontal air cells and in which the walls between the cells as well a's the outer walls of the block are shaped to be in vertical alinement lwith the corresponding walls' of adjacent building ,blocks and which walls are also formed to llie in alinement with the ends of interlock- Fig. 41 is a cross sectional elevation of a,

wall construction in which a building block embodyingmy invention is employed.

Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the buildi ing block.

Fig. 3 is a cross sectional elevation of the wallof slightly modified construction.

The building block or me A shawl; in

A Figs. 1 and 2 is of Lsha d or an le shaped cross section, one side o the bloc being of eater height than theA other side and the eghts of the twov sides of the block may.

vary depending upon the number of courses of bricks which are to be laid between inter'- locklng courses. However, in accordance with my invention, the difference in height between the two sides of. the block must always be equalvto the hei ht of a brick and a mortar joint. The bloc `s may be provided with a plurality of upright walls or webs, including a long outer wall 6 and a shorterY outer wall 7, an intermediate long wall 8, and preferably a short intermediate wall 9, which two walls are spaced apart so as to form between them an air space or cell 10. The top and bottom walls 11 and 12 of the long side of the block, joiningl the upper and lower ends of the walls 6 and 8, form between them a horizontal air space or cell 13,

and the top and bottom walls 14 and 15 respectively of the portion of the block of less A height, form with-the upright walls 7 and 9 van air space 16. The wall 14 preferably exl' tends to the upright wall 8 so that the porl tion 17 thereof forms a connection between the two sides of the block, and the other wall 15 may also be so formed as to bel a continuation ofthe wall 12, or if desired the two.

connectthe two walls 8 and 9 to form therewith and with the wall or web 17 the air space 10, the wall 19 being oiset withreference to the tw'o horizontal walls 12 and 15,

which 'lie in substantially the same plane. By means of this arrangement three horizontal air cells are provided'in the block and the walls 6 and 8 are spaced apart a distance equal to the spacing betwenthe walls 7 and 9, so that when one block is placed uponanother block in an inverted position as clearly shown in Fig. 1, the walls 7 and 9 of` one block will bev in alinement .with the walls 6l and 8 of the other block. The distance between the walls 7 and 9 is preferably also such that when the blocks are used in a wall construction` such as shown in'Fig. 1, in connection with a series of courses of briclm B anda course of bonding bricks C, the innerv Vportions of the bondingbricks will lie over the upright partition or'wall 9 of an adja- 'cent block. If desired the sides of the block lastered or to which mored may be scored inV any which are to4 be tar is to .be app suitable or desired manner and may, for ex ample, be Vprovided with los made of anysuitable material, such, for example, as burnt clay.

1n the construction .of a' 'wall such as -shown in Fig. 1, the `blocks are laid in such a manner that alternate blocks are inverted and also altern-ated or reversed side for side,

so that if one block is laid with its higherside adjacent to the inner side of the wall,

the next adjacent blocks above Aand below the same -are arranged withtheir lower sides adjacent to the inner face of the wall. In the wall as shown live courses of bricks B .are laid in the usual manner and the sixth course is provided with bondingobricks. C, the inner, ends of which extend into the space between thelow side o f a block and the high side thereof,` In the articular construction it will be noted that t e heights of two of the highsides of a block and one low side and their mortar beds or joints D is equal to the hei ht of six courses of bricks and their mortar joints -D',f,and similarly the heights of two low sides of the blocks and.

Ione high side together with ^their mortar joints is equal to the -height of `live courses of bricks and their mortarjoints, the sixth.

course of` brick and one mortar joint being equal to the vdifference in hei htebetween a low side and a high side of-.a b ook. In other ferent number of courses of bricks betweenc the bonding courses, my im roved blocks are so constructed'4 that the he ht. of two lohgl sides of the blocks and one. short side, together with their mortar joints is equal to the height of the number 'of courses of brick vbetween the bonding courses, plus. the bonding courses and the necessarymortar joints between courses; Each ofz'the blocks, how ever,.regardles,sof size, is so constructed that the difference in height between, the

" high sideiand the-low side-.ofthe block isthe'brick and with its ner -facev of' the wall. The -nxt block islvinf equal to the height'of a course of brick and these blocks may be used-for; c nstructing a wall without face brick by simply inverting.

alternately each--block and turning them so that their high and low sides'arell'ran'ged alternately at opposite sides of thev wa1l.

A 'In the particular construction shown in Fig. 3, a slightly different arrangement ,of

the 'blocks with i reference to thefbrick isy shown. In this construction the lowest block is arrangedzwith its higher side'rdjalnt to owerksi e ate/invetted and reversed-'side forside, andthe '#'third block is merely inverted without' rei' versing the 'sameside-l-for side.

` In" either of the constructions shownfin the wall to, t

Fig. 1 or in Fig. the building of the wall can be f '.arted on a horizontal surface withi out t! use of slabs' or split brlck under a" thermorethe mortar joints are all interrupted 4in, such av-manner .nat no mortar joint'.

extends complletely from the Aouter -face of A e inner face, so that no moisture from the outer .wall can penetrate through to `the inner wall due to the capillary1 attraction or hygroscopic nature of the plete series of horizontal air cells are procourses B and the inner face oft e wall, and two air cells between the bonding brick and the inner face ofthe wall. The webs which are arranged between the air lcells and which constitute the side walls of the block are so arranged that-they vare inI vertical alinement with webs of adjacent blocks so that an unusually strong wall is produced. The individual blocks'are of such size that they .can be veryeasily handled in the buildin-g '-of a wall,'the portion of the side of each block of lesser/height being such that it can be readily grasped by the hand and the thickness or width'of the portion of greater height being such, that this portion can also be grasped by the hand, and the recess or groove between the walls 8 and 9 also affords an additional grip. These features of the block make it possible to build a wall at .greater speed and efficiency.

` l claim as my invention ymortar. When the blocks are arranged "1n a wall as shown in Figs. 1 and 3, threev com Vvided between the longitudinall laid brick loo los

1; A housw banding block provided with I -two sides of unequal height, one horizontal wall of one side lying in substantially the same plane as" the corresponding wall of the b 1- other side, and the other horizontal' walls one mortar joint. 'It will beob :ous too that of the two sides lying in lilanes'which are of two bricks and va. vm'otar bed -the side less height being"l ofgreater height than the height ofia brick and a motarbed.

brickv laid with al bondingcourse between a definite'. number of other courses.- and hollow angle-shaped building blocks laid'vertically.

-on' the inner face of said` facebrick and 'bonded .therewithn each of said blocks including al w f Il .2. A wall construction including face low side and ahigh side, the difference-in i height between'f said sides being equal to the height of a brick and a mortar bed, said blocks being laid so 4that one high side, and

two low sides are arranged vertically below each course of bondin brick, and vso that two high sides and one gow side -are arranged in vertical alinement on the inner face of the wall, the height of said low side being of greater height than the,l height of a brick and a mortar bed and of less height than the height of two bricks and a mortar b ed. 3. A wall construction including face brick laid with abonding course between a nu1n.

ber of other courses, and hollow angle-shaped building blocks laid vertically in`V courses on theinner side of said face brick, each block) having two sides of different heights,

the difference in height being equal to the height of a brick and a mortar bed, each of said sides beinvfformed by a pair of upright webs connected5 by horizontal webs, and webs connecting said sides and forming a horizontal air space between said sides, said blocks being laid 'in three courses between eachcourse of bonding brick, the blocks of said two lower courses being. so arranged that the blocks of one course are inverted and reversed side for side with reference to the blocks of the other course, and the blocks of the ,third course being arranged with their low side beneath the portion of said bonding course of brick extending inwardly beyond said other course, the vertical webs of each course of blocks beingin vertical alielnentwith other courses of blocks and at least two vertical webs of all ofvsaid blocks being arranged entirely beneath the bond? forming a horizontal air space between said A sides, said bloc-ks being laid in courses between each course of bonding brick, the upright webs of each side of the blocks bein spaced apart so that when a side ofal bloc is arranged below abonding course, the inner edge portion of the bonding'- brick will lie completely over the web of said side of the block nearest to the other side of the block, the low side 'of each block being of greater height then the'combined height of a brick and amor-tar bed and of less height ythan the height of two bricksand a mortar bed. y

5. A Ahollow buildin block provided with two sides of unequal eight, one horizontal wall of one side lying in substantially the 'same plane as the corresponding wall of the other' side, and the other horizontal walls of the two sides lying in planes which are spaced apart a distance equal to the height of a brick and a mortar bed, said two. sides being of equal width and the side of less heightbeing4 of greater height than the combined height of a brickand mortar bed and of less height. than the height of two bricks and a mortar bed, said sides being' connected by webs. l

6. A hollow buildin block provided with ftwo sides of unequal eight, one horizontal wall of one'iside lying 'in substantially the same plane as the corresponding wall ofthe the two sides lying in planes which are spaced apart a. distance equal to the height of a. brick and amortar bed, the side of less height being of greater height than the 'other side, and the other horizontal \walls of height of a brick and a mortar bedA and of less height than theheght of two briks and a mortar bed, said sides havinga seriesof vertical webs,the side walls of each of which is in alinenlent with the corresponding side walls of vertical webs of a similar superintp posed inverted block reversed side for side' with said lirst mentioned block.

HUG() WITTMAN.

i mehr N0,'-1,.611,so1.. l

CERTIFICATE Ory CORRECTION.

HUGO WITTMAN.

' It is hereby certified thaterror appears in the printed specification Offthe sbove numbered patent Vrequiring correctionfls follows: PageZ, lines 116 andv 117, claim l, strike Ont the words "and Oi less height than the height Oi 'twn brieks and a mortar bed" and insert the s'a'mei tO follow after the word "bed" before the period in line 120;. and that the said Letters Pa`tent v'should be read'with 'thiscOrrectiOn therein that the samemaj'conform to the record Of vthe ease in the Patent Office.

'.Si'ne'd and sealed this 22nd day of OctOber, A. D. 1929.

' v Acting Commissioner Oi Patents.

` amica May 29,1928, zo 

